Master Kubernetes networking concepts including pods, services, ingress controllers, and network policies. Complete guide with practical examples.
Kubernetes Networking Deep Dive: Understanding Pods, Services, and Ingress
Kubernetes networking can be complex. This guide explains how pods communicate, how services work, and how to configure ingress controllers.
Every pod gets its own IP address and can communicate with other pods directly.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: web-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: web
image: nginx
ports:
- containerPort: 80
Services provide stable networking for pods.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: web-service
spec:
selector:
app: web
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
type: ClusterIP
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: web-service
spec:
type: NodePort
selector:
app: web
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
nodePort: 30080
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: web-service
spec:
type: LoadBalancer
selector:
app: web
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
Ingress provides HTTP/HTTPS routing to services.
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: web-ingress
spec:
rules:
- host: example.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: web-service
port:
number: 80
Control traffic between pods:
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
name: web-policy
spec:
podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: web
policyTypes:
- Ingress
- Egress
ingress:
- from:
- podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: frontend
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 80
egress:
- to:
- podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: database
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 5432
Services are accessible via DNS:
# Service DNS format
<service-name>.<namespace>.svc.cluster.local
# Example
web-service.default.svc.cluster.local
- Use Services for pod discovery
- Implement Network Policies for security
- Use Ingress for external access
- Monitor network performance
- Document network architecture
Understanding Kubernetes networking is essential for building reliable applications. Start with Services and gradually add Ingress and Network Policies as needed.
For Kubernetes Networking Deep Dive: Understanding Pods, Services, and Ingress, define pre-deploy checks, rollout gates, and rollback triggers before release. Track p95 latency, error rate, and cost per request for at least 24 hours after deployment. If the trend regresses from baseline, revert quickly and document the decision in the runbook.
Keep the operating model simple under pressure: one owner per change, one decision channel, and clear stop conditions. Review alert quality regularly to remove noise and ensure on-call engineers can distinguish urgent failures from routine variance.
Repeatability is the goal. Convert successful interventions into standard operating procedures and version them in the repository so future responders can execute the same flow without ambiguity.
For Kubernetes Networking Deep Dive: Understanding Pods, Services, and Ingress, define pre-deploy checks, rollout gates, and rollback triggers before release. Track p95 latency, error rate, and cost per request for at least 24 hours after deployment. If the trend regresses from baseline, revert quickly and document the decision in the runbook.
Keep the operating model simple under pressure: one owner per change, one decision channel, and clear stop conditions. Review alert quality regularly to remove noise and ensure on-call engineers can distinguish urgent failures from routine variance.
Repeatability is the goal. Convert successful interventions into standard operating procedures and version them in the repository so future responders can execute the same flow without ambiguity.
For Kubernetes Networking Deep Dive: Understanding Pods, Services, and Ingress, define pre-deploy checks, rollout gates, and rollback triggers before release. Track p95 latency, error rate, and cost per request for at least 24 hours after deployment. If the trend regresses from baseline, revert quickly and document the decision in the runbook.
Keep the operating model simple under pressure: one owner per change, one decision channel, and clear stop conditions. Review alert quality regularly to remove noise and ensure on-call engineers can distinguish urgent failures from routine variance.
Repeatability is the goal. Convert successful interventions into standard operating procedures and version them in the repository so future responders can execute the same flow without ambiguity.
For Kubernetes Networking Deep Dive: Understanding Pods, Services, and Ingress, define pre-deploy checks, rollout gates, and rollback triggers before release. Track p95 latency, error rate, and cost per request for at least 24 hours after deployment. If the trend regresses from baseline, revert quickly and document the decision in the runbook.
Keep the operating model simple under pressure: one owner per change, one decision channel, and clear stop conditions. Review alert quality regularly to remove noise and ensure on-call engineers can distinguish urgent failures from routine variance.
Repeatability is the goal. Convert successful interventions into standard operating procedures and version them in the repository so future responders can execute the same flow without ambiguity.
